The Two Joint Statements

By far the more comprehensive of the two is the “Joint Statement of the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China on Deepening Relations of Comprehensive Partnership and Strategic Cooperation Entering a New Era” that builds on the 4 Feb 2022 Joint Declaration and IMO is complementary in its importance. Following that is the “Joint Statement by the President of the Russian Federation and the President of the People's Republic of China on the Plan for the Development of Key Areas of Russian-Chinese Economic Cooperation until 2030” that supplements earlier development and economic agreements. There's another listing of all the other 14 documents (they are unlinked) agreed upon and signed that readers can view at this link. What follows is the first Joint Statement:

Russian Federation and Chinese The People's Republic, hereinafter referred to as the Parties, declares the following.

I

Russian-Chinese relations of comprehensive partnership and strategic interaction, entering a new era, thanks to the consistent efforts of the Parties, have reached the highest level in its history continues to develop steadily. The Parties confirm, that bilateral relations shall develop in accordance with the principles and spirit, enshrined in the Treaty on Good-Neighbourliness, Friendship and Cooperation between The Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China of 16 July 2001, Joint Statement of the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China on the occasion of the twentieth anniversary of the signing of the Treaty on Good-Neighbourliness, Friendship and Cooperation between the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China of 28 June 2021 and the Joint Statement of the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China on International Relations Entering a New Era and a Global Sustainable One published February 4, 2022.

The Parties note that relations between Russia and China, not being a military-political alliance, similar to the alliances that developed during the period Of the Cold War, they surpass this form of interstate interaction, are not of a bloc and confrontational nature and are not directed against Russian-Chinese relations are mature, stable, self-sufficient and strong, have withstood the test COVID-19 pandemic and turbulent international situation, not subject to external influence, demonstrate vitality and positive energy. The friendship of the two peoples, passed down from generation to generation, has a strong foundation, comprehensive cooperation between the two states has the broadest prospects. Russia is interested in a stable and prosperous China, and China is interested in a strong and successful Russia.

Seeing each other as priority partners, the Parties invariably show respect for each other and interact on an equal footing, representing a model relations of large states in the modern world. With the leading role of diplomacy The Parties maintain intensive communication at all levels, carry out in-depth contacts on significant issues of mutual interest, strengthen mutual trust, continuously ensure high-quality promotion high-level bilateral relations and express readiness for further deepening inter-State relations and developing dialogue mechanisms in various fields.

Side note the rapid nature of the changes taking place in the world, the profound transformation of international architecture, irreversibility of such historical Trends, such as peace, development, cooperation and win-win, state the acceleration of the process of formation of a multipolar world order, strengthening the positions of emerging market and developing countries, growth and the number of regional powers that influence global processes and demonstrate their desire to defend their legitimate national interests. Together at the same time, manifestations of hegemonism and unilateralism are still widespread, Protectionism. Attempts to replace universally recognized principles and norms are unacceptable of international law "in a rules-based order".

Vitality the multipolar model and the achievement of sustainable development of States depend on its universal openness and consideration of the interests of all countries without exception on an inclusive and non-discriminatory basis. Russia and China call on all countries to promote such universal values such as peace, development, equality, justice, democracy and freedom, to engage in dialogue rather than confrontation, to apply inclusive, not exclusive, approach, peacefully coexist, implement mutually beneficial cooperation, to stimulate the peaceful development of the world.

In these conditions, the Parties maintain close foreign policy coordination and interaction on multilateral platforms, resolutely defending equality and justice, promoting the construction of international a new type of relationship.

The parties emphasize that the strengthening and deepening of Russian-Chinese relations of comprehensive partnership and strategic cooperation, entering a new era, are independent. from external influence to a strategic choice based on the national the specifics of each of the Parties, meet the fundamental interests of the two states and their peoples, correspond to modern trends development, are not affected by external factors.

The parties intend to:

–Guided the agreements reached between the heads of state shall invariably ensure the right course of development of bilateral relations;

– to be resolute mutual support in the protection of each other's fundamental interests, first of all all sovereignty, territorial integrity, security and development;

– adhering to the principle mutual benefit, continuously deepen and expand practical cooperation in the process of modernization in order to jointly develop and prosper, so that to bring even greater benefits to the peoples of Russia and China;

–promote mutual understanding and rapprochement of the peoples of the two countries, tirelessly strengthen the social and the civic base of the intergenerational friendship between the two States;

–promote multipolar world order, economic globalization and democratization international relations, contribute to the development of global governance in more in a fair and rational manner.

II

Side Note that each state has its own historical, cultural, national characteristics and the right to independently choose their own the way of development. There is no "higher democracy." Parties oppose the imposition by one State of its values on other States, the implementation of ideological lines, the creation of a false narrative about the so-called opposition between democracies and autocracies, the use of democracy and freedom as a pretext and a political tool to exert pressure on others State. The Russian Side attaches great importance and is interested in study the Global Civilization initiative of the Chinese side.

Side Note that the universal realization of human rights is a common aspiration Humanity. Each State has the right to choose its own path of development in the field of human rights. Different civilizations and countries should respect and accept each other, communicate and borrow the best. Parties will be steadily promote human rights at the national and global levels.

Chinese The Party supports the fulfillment by the Russian Side of national development goals until 2030. Russian Side Supports the implementation by the Chinese side of the modernization tasks of the Chinese side Model.

Side oppose the interference of external forces in internal affairs.

Russian The Party reaffirms its commitment to the one-China principle, recognizes that Taiwan is an integral part of the PRC, opposes independence Taiwan, in whatever form, firmly supports china's actions. Parties to protect their state sovereignty and territorial Integrity.

Side agreed to develop the exchange of experience in the legislative sphere and in the development and application of legislation regulating interaction with foreign companies entities, for the purpose of legal support for development Russian-Chinese relations and international cooperation between the two countries.

Side will continue to strengthen the trust-based dialogue between the Administration of the President of the Russian Federation and the Central Committee The Communist Party of China and its subdivisions, as well as in the framework of the consultations of high representatives on the strategic security and public security, justice and law and order will to promote contacts between the political parties of the two countries.

Side agreed to discuss the holding of annual meetings of the Ministers of the Interior and Public Security, to increase cooperation in the field of law enforcement in order to counteract the "color revolutions", the fight against the "three forces of evil", including the East Turkestan Islamic Movement, with a cross-border organized crime, economic crimes and crimes, drug-related.

The Parties will regularly conduct joint maritime and air patrols and joint exercises, develop exchanges and cooperation, including within all frameworks existing bilateral mechanisms of interaction, deepen mutual trust between the armed forces of the two countries.

The Parties attach great importance to ensuring the security, protection of the rights and interests of persons and institutions abroad of the two countries, and will continue to do so. Promote the establishment of appropriate bilateral and multilateral mechanisms and specialized dialogue, constantly expand the formats and areas of cooperation in the field of ensuring the security of citizens abroad, projects and institutions.

III

The parties intend to attach coordinated focused efforts for effective enhancement level and ensuring a truly strategic of the nature of the practical cooperation in all areas in order to strengthen the material base of Russian-Chinese relations and improve the well-being of the peoples of the two states.

Side will contribute to the consolidation of the growth trend of bilateral trade, gradual improving its structure, implementing the Roadmap for the high-quality development of Russian-Chinese trade in goods and services, support the development of e-commerce, identify new points of growth, to increase the scope and effectiveness of trade and economic cooperation, to work to minimize the negative impact on it external risks, ensuring the sustainability, stability and security of value chains and supply chains. The parties intend to deepen interregional cooperation, expand it. geography and spheres, to increase exchanges and cooperation between small and medium-sized Business.

Side will progressively promote investment cooperation in various areas, improve the business environment and legal support, implement innovative forms of interaction, deepen cooperation in the fields of digital economy and sustainable, including "green", Parties will continue to develop a new one. editorial board of the Plan of Russian-Chinese investment cooperation.

Side Welcome the Joint Statement of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation and the Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China dated December 5, 2022 "On the beginning of negotiations on updating the Agreement between the Government the Russian Federation and the Government of the People's Republic of China on the encouragement of and Mutual Protection of Investments of 9 November 2006" and will continue negotiations on this issue with a view to achieving a greater level of protection investments and simplification of the conditions for their attraction, ensuring more stable, a fair, transparent and predictable business environment for both investors and and for their capital investments.

Side will continue to strengthen mutually beneficial cooperation in the financial sphere, including number to ensure the continuity of settlements between economic entities Two countries, support the expansion of the use of national currencies in bilateral trade, investment, lending and other trade and economic activities Operations.

Side intend to pursue an even closer partnership in the energy sector, to support enterprises of Russia and China in the implementation of energy projects cooperation in oil and gas, coal, electricity, nuclear and other fields, as well as initiatives that contribute to the reduction of greenhouse emissions gases, including those associated with the use of low-emission and renewable gases energy sources. The parties will be together protect international energy security (including critical cross-border infrastructure), stability of production and supply chains of energy products, to promote equitable energy transitions and low-carbon development, taking into account the principle technological neutrality, jointly contribute to the long-term, healthy and stable development of the global energy market.

The parties will continue to develop practical cooperation in the field of civil aircraft construction, automotive, shipbuilding, metallurgy, as well as in other areas, of mutual interest.

The parties will strengthen cooperation in the field of transport, to improve cross-border infrastructure, increase the capacity of checkpoints and ensure their stable functioning.Parties intend to continue to support the development of rail and maritime of freight transportation in the China-Europe route in transit through the territory of the Russian Federation and to increase their effectiveness.

Side will deepen mutually beneficial cooperation in the space sphere in areas of mutual interest, including within the framework of implementation Programmes to promote cooperation in the field of outer space activities among the State Corporation for Space Activities "Roscosmos" and China the National Space Administration for 2023–2027.

Side will contribute to the creation of favorable conditions, increase volumes and diversify supplies to the national markets of Russia and China agricultural products and food.

Side Welcome the holding of the Seventh Russian-Chinese EXPO in 2023 on the territory of the Russian Federation in Yekaterinburg.

The Chinese Side supports promotion of integration processes within the framework of the Eurasian Economic Union, The Russian side supports the Belt and Road Initiative. Side make active joint efforts to conjugate plans for the development of the Eurasian the Economic Union and the Belt and Road Initiative to strengthening of interconnectedness in the space of the Eurasian region, will continue work on the implementation of the Agreement on Trade and Economic Cooperation between the EAEU and its member States, on the one hand, and the People's Republic of China, on the other hand, dated May 17, 2018.

The Parties reaffirm their focus on the parallel and coordinated formation of the Greater Eurasian Partnership and the construction of the "One Belt, One Road" in the interests of developing bilateral and multilateral integration processes for the benefit of the peoples of the Eurasian Empire. Continent.

The Parties attach great importance to the work on the implementation of the Roadmap for the Development of Cooperation between the Russian Federation, The People's Republic of China and Mongolia for the Medium Term 2015 and the 2016 Russia-Mongolia-China Economic Corridor Programme to further deepen comprehensive cooperation in this area. trilateral format, intensify efforts for consistent conjugation this promising mechanism with cooperation within the framework of the SCO, the EAEU and others and regional organizations and mechanisms. The Parties will make efforts to advance the work on the study of coordination project to build a new gas pipeline from Russia to China through the territory Mongolia.

The parties agreed to strengthen exchanges and cooperation in the field of combating money-laundering, including within the framework of multilateral formats.

IV

The parties oppose the politicization of the international humanitarian cooperation, discrimination against representatives of the spheres of culture, education, science, sports on any grounds, including citizenship, language, religion, political and other beliefs, national or social origin.

Side intend to make active efforts aimed at reconstruction and build-up dynamics of Russian-Chinese face-to-face exchanges and cooperation in humanitarian Consistently strengthen the friendship between the peoples of the two states and the public base of bilateral relations.

The parties will deepen cooperation in the field of education, to promote the quality and efficiency of education of Russian citizens in China and Chinese citizens in Russia, to encourage inter-university cooperation, to support the activities of Russian-Chinese specialized associations of universities and the Association of Pre-University Educational Institutions of Russia and China, to promote promotion of joint educational institutions and programs, exchanges in the field of secondary vocational education, deepen cooperation in the field of teaching languages, to develop bilateral exchange between students and interaction in the field of digital education.

The parties will deepen the mutually beneficial cooperation in the field of scientific and technical innovations, expand the sectoral exchange of personnel, realize the potential of interaction in the field of fundamental and applied research, introduction of results into production scientific and technical developments, will focus on conducting joint breakthrough research in advanced areas of science and technology and on global problems of global development, including in the part relating to prevention climate change and adaptation, will introduce new models cooperation in such technological and production areas as artificial intelligence, internet things, fifth-generation communication networks, digital and low-carbon economy.

The parties will increase exchanges and strengthen mutual contacts between museums, libraries, art galleries, theatres and other cultural institutions, as well as literary and artistic associations The parties will expand cooperation in the field of tourism, to encourage the formation of a comfortable tourist environment.

The parties will deepen cooperation in the field of healthcare, to expand ties in the field of scientific research and higher medical education, to increase contacts and cooperation on control and supervision of the circulation of medicines and medical devices, to develop interaction in such areas as disaster medicine, infectious diseases, oncology and nuclear medicine, protection of motherhood and childhood, ophthalmology, psychiatry, to strengthen the relevant work within the framework of such multilateral platforms such as WHO, BRICS, SCO, G20, APEC.

The parties will continue to develop cooperation in the field of ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population to counter the threats of epidemics, will be jointly at the sites international organizations resist attempts to adopt legally binding mechanisms limiting the sovereignty of countries in the field of prevention and combating infectious diseases, preventing and responding to biological threats.

Side highly appreciate the positive results of the Russian-Chinese Years cooperation in the field of physical culture and sports in 2022-2023, will continue to strengthen comprehensive cooperation in this area, contributing to joint development physical culture and sports of the two countries. Chinese side supports The Russian initiative to hold the International International multi-sport tournament "Games of the Future". Parties oppose politicization sports, hope to use the unique role of physical culture and sports to promote solidarity and peace.

Side Welcome the relevant initiatives and decisions of the International Olympic the Committee and the Olympic Council of Asia, jointly defend the Olympic values, are ready to create venues with favorable conditions for holding competitions with the participation of respondents requirements of athletes from all countries.

The parties will continue strengthen cooperation in such areas as scientific research of the seas and oceans, protection of the marine environment, prevention of natural disasters at sea and mitigation of their consequences, development of marine equipment. The parties will continue to deepen practical cooperation in the fields of polar scientific research, environmental protection and organization of expeditions, will contribute more public contribution to the global governance of the seas and oceans.

Side intend to jointly increase the level of cooperation in the field of emergency response; to establish cooperation in such areas, as aviation rescue technology, monitoring and forecasting emergencies, training; conduct joint exercises disaster response teams, including in border regions; develop cooperation and exchange of information on search and rescue operations at sea.

Side intend to develop cooperation and mutual exchange of information on the policy in the field of radio, television and audiovisual content on the Internet, to intensify cooperation in such areas as joint production and mutual broadcasting of television programs, the use of technical developments in order to promote the joint development of the industry.

Side agree to strengthen exchanges between the media, think tanks, publishing houses, cooperate in the fields of social sciences and archives, literature and art.

Side intend to develop cooperation in the field of spiritual and moral education youth, to provide opportunities for self-realization, entrepreneurial, innovative, creative and other creative activities of children and young people, as well as to expand direct contacts and joint youth projects of Russia and China.

Side will continue to deepen cooperation through bilateral events in the field of volunteering, entrepreneurship, creativity and creative industries, the development of the children's movement, including through further coordinated work at multilateral youth platforms within the framework of the UN, BRICS, SCO, CICA and G20.

V

Side Reaffirm their commitment to vigorously defend the international system, in which the United Nations plays a central role, a world order based on international law and fundamental norms international relations based on the purposes and principles of the UN Charter; oppose all forms of hegemony, unilateralism and power politics, against cold war thinking, bloc confrontation and the creation of narrow formats directed against certain countries.

In this context, the Russian Side notes the positive importance of the concept. The Chinese side on building a "community with a shared future for mankind" for strengthening the solidarity of the world community and joining efforts in responding to common challenges. The Chinese side appreciates the constructive and the consistent efforts of the Russian Side to form a fair multipolar system of international relations.

Side support the construction of an open world economy, defend multilateral a trading system in which the World Trade Community plays a central role organization, contribute to the liberalization and facilitation of trade and investment, Call for an open, fair, honest, non-discriminatory environment development, oppose unilateralism, protectionism, creation barriers and obstacles, severance of links and supply chains, one-way sanctions and a policy of extreme pressure.

Russian The Party welcomes the Global Development Initiative, continue to participate in the work of the Group of Friends in support of it. Parties will continue to encourage the international community to focus on and increase its contribution to development issues, will jointly contribute to the success of the UN Summit on sustainable development goals, ensuring the speedy implementation of the UN Sustainable Agenda development until 2030.

The Parties are deeply concerned about the serious challenges in the field of international security, and proceed from the fact that fate the peoples of all countries are interconnected, no state should provide its security at the expense of the security of other States. The Parties call for the international community, on the basis of the principle of collective deliberation and joint action, to participate actively in global governance to strengthen the global strategic strategic framework in an effective manner stability and ensuring universal, comprehensive, sustainable security, based on cooperation, involving relevant international mechanisms, including arms control, disarmament and non-proliferation of weapons of mass destruction. To this end, parties confirm the need for comprehensive work on updating and improvement and international security architecture to make it more resilient to crises. One of the central pillars of international security should be agreed and strictly observed principles and parameters of peace coexistence at the present historical stage, which would allow minimize the conflict potential in interstate relations. To the maximum extent should be avoid conflicts between the permanent members of the UN Security Council carrying out and a special responsibility for the maintenance of peace and global stability.

Side Condemn terrorism in all its manifestations, promote the idea of the formation of a united global counter-terrorism front with a central coordinating front the role of the UN, oppose politicization and double standards in the fight against terrorism and extremism, condemn the practice of interference in internal affairs States under the pretext of combating international terrorism and extremism, as well as attempts to use terrorist and extremist groups for geopolitical purposes. The parties stand for an objective, unbiased, professional investigation of the explosions on the Nord Stream gas pipelines.

Side determined to continue close cooperation on regional and global security issues, including through the implementation of the "Initiative on the Field of global security", promptly exchange views and coordinate positions on significant issues of global and regional scale, to apply and efforts to protect peace and security throughout the world.

Side established effective cooperation in bilateral and multilateral formats on combating the pandemic of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19, protecting the life and health of the population two countries and peoples of the world. The Parties support the deepening of information sharing on the COVID-19 pandemic and enhancing coordination in the interaction on such sites like who. The parties jointly resist the plans and attempts politicize the origin of the virus.

VI

Side will continue close cooperation in strengthening the role and influence of the SCO in ensuring peace, security and stability in its space. In conjunction with others The SCO member states intend to make efforts to improve activities of the Organization at the present stage in the interests of effective confronting new challenges and threats, deepening mutually beneficial multilateral relations in the spheres of trade, economy and cultural and humanitarian relations in Eurasia.

Russia highly appreciates the success China XIV BRICS Summit. The parties are ready together with other participants of the association implement the agreements reached during the past BRICS summits, deepen practical cooperation in all spheres, actively promote discussions on the expansion of BRICS and increasing the number of shareholders of the New Bank development, dynamically develop cooperation in the BRICS "outreach" format / "BRICS Plus", to act in defense of interests developing and emerging markets.

The parties intend to develop cooperation within the framework of the formats "Russia - India - China" and "Russia - China - Mongolia", as well as to strengthen cooperation on such platforms as East Asia Summit, ASEAN Regional Forum on Security, Meeting ASEAN Defence Ministers and Dialogue Partners. Russia and China continue to enhance coordination on deepening engagement with ASEAN, Intend to continue to work in order to strengthen the role of the Association as a key element of regional architecture.

The Parties consider it necessary to continue to strengthen the capacity of UNESCO as a universal intergovernmental a forum in the humanitarian sphere, to contribute to the preservation of the true multilateral, mutually respectful and professional dialogue on the platform UNESCO, aimed at effectively seeking the consent of member states and promoting a unifying agenda. Parties will encourage the build-up cooperation between UNESCO and the SCO on issues of mutual interest, including on the basis of the Memorandum of Understanding between the SCO Secretariat and the UNESCO Secretariat.

The parties are determined to strengthen coordination within the framework of the "Group" twenty" and other multilateral mechanisms, to encourage the G20 respond to current challenges in the international financial and economic sphere, improve the system of global economic governance on an equitable basis and a rational basis so that it better reflects the structure of the world economy, which includes increased representation and empowerment the voices of emerging market and developing countries. Side Support the accession of the African Union to the Group of Twenty.

Side Intend to strengthen coordination within APEC for the comprehensive and balanced implementation of the APEC 2040 Putrajaya Development Targets, which provide for an open, dynamic, viable and peaceful Asia-Pacific community.

Side intend to strengthen cooperation on multilateral trade support a wto rules-based system and the fight against trade protectionism, manifested, among other things, in the establishment of illegitimate unilateral restrictions in trade, to strengthen dialogue on the WTO agenda, including its reform in order to enhancing the role of the WTO in global economic governance, in particular to contribute to the restoration of the functioning of the dispute settlement mechanism by 2024, and the implementation of the agreements reached following the discussion of joint investment facilitation and e-commerce initiatives.

Side Strongly condemn the politicization of multilateral platforms and attempts at individual countries to put non-core issues on their agenda, damaging implementation and the priorities of these formats.

VII

Emphasizing the importance of the Joint statements by the leaders of the five nuclear-weapon States on prevention In nuclear war and the prevention of an arms race, the Parties reiterate that there can be no winners in a nuclear war and it should never be Unleashed. The Parties call on all signatory countries of the Joint Statement to follow its key tenets in practice, including in an effective manner. reduce the risk of nuclear war and any armed conflict between nuclear-weapon States. Against the background of the degradation of relations between nuclear powers, measures to reduce strategic risks should be organically integrated into the overall efforts to reduce tensions between states, the formation of more constructive relations and to minimize the grounds for the emergence of contradictions in the field of security. All nuclear powers should not deploy nuclear weapons outside their national territories and should withdraw everything stationed abroad. nuclear weapon.

The Parties reaffirm that the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons is the cornerstone of international nuclear disarmament mechanisms and the international non-proliferation regime nuclear weapons. The parties reaffirm their commitment to their obligations under the Treaty and will continue to coordinate efforts to preserve and strengthen the Treaty in the interests of maintaining international peace and security.

Side Express serious concern about the implications and risks to the strategic stability in the Asia-Pacific region in connection with the establishment of the Tripartite Security Partnership (AUCUS) between the US, uk and Australia and their plans to build nuclear submarines. Side Strongly urge the members of this partnership to strictly implement their obligations on the non-proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and their means to maintain regional peace, stability and development in the region.

Side express serious concerns about Japan's plans to dump radioactive contaminated water accumulated after the nuclear accident into the ocean this year "Fukushima-1", emphasize that Japan must show transparency in contacts with neighbouring countries, other interested States, international agencies and including conduct exhaustive consultations on this issue. The parties insist on the disposal of radioactive contaminated water by Japan in an appropriate scientific, transparent and safe manner, and also agreed to conduct a long-term monitoring by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and interested States to ensure the effective protection of the marine environment and rights and interests of the population of all countries to protect their health.

Side Reaffirm the importance of the early resumption of the full and effective Implementation of the Agreement on the Iranian Nuclear Programme and Council Resolution 2231 UN Security, in connection with which called on all interested parties to accept policy decisions that would facilitate a positive outcome negotiations on the resumption of the implementation of the Joint Comprehensive Plan Action.

The Parties reaffirm the need for strict compliance and progressive strengthening Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production and Stockpiling bacteriological (biological) and toxin weapons and their destruction, including through their institutionalization, as well as the adoption of legal a binding protocol, with an effective verification mechanism. The Parties shall express serious concern about the military-biological activities of the United States America, carried out on their national territory and beyond, posing a serious threat to the security of other States and entire countries regions, demand that the United States give explanations on this matter and not implement any biological activity contrary to the said Convention, and not to impede the establishment of a mechanism to verify compliance with the obligations of the of this Convention.

Side Committed to the goal of building a world free of chemical weapons, deeply Are concerned about the politicization of the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons. Side insist that the United States, as the only state party to the Convention, on the prohibition of chemical weapons that have not completed the process of destroying their stockpile of chemical weapons, hastened their elimination, and call on Japan to both the destruction of chemical weapons left in China can be completed as soon as possible.

Russia and China express concern intensification of US activities to create a global anti-missile system defence and deployment of its elements in various regions of the world, combined with the build-up of the capacity of high-precision non-nuclear weapons to deliver disarming strike and other strategic capabilities, as well as with the desire of the United States to deploy ground-based missiles of medium and smaller Ranges in the Asia-Pacific and European regions and their transfer to its Allies. The parties call on the United States to stop undermining international and regional security and global strategic stability in order to securing its unilateral military advantage.

Russia and China oppose attempts Individual countries to turn outer space into an arena of armed confrontation and will counteract activity aimed at achieving military superiority and its use for combat operations. The parties reaffirm the need for an early start of negotiations on the establishment of Russian-Chinese draft treaty on the prevention of the placement of weapons in outer space, the threat or use of force against space objects of a multilateral legally binding instrument, which would provide fundamental and reliable guarantees of prevention an arms race in outer space, the placement of weapons in outer space and the threat or use of force against or from outer space objects Help. The parties stand for the globalization of the international initiatives/political commitments on the non-first deployment of weapons in outer space with a view to strengthening international peace, ensuring equal and indivisible safety for all, as well as increased predictability and sustainability activities of States in the exploration and use of outer space space for peaceful purposes.

Parties attach great importance to on the issue of regulation of artificial intelligence and are ready to increase exchanges and cooperation on this topic.

The parties shall act against the militarization of information and communication technologies, their limitation development and cooperation in this area. Support the creation of a multilateral an equitable and transparent global system Internet governance while ensuring the sovereignty and security of all countries in this area. Welcome the work of the UN Open-ended Working Group on security issues in the use of information and communication technologies technologies (ICTs) and ICTs themselves 2021 – 2025 as the only process within the framework of Un in the field of international information security. Believed that it is necessary to develop new norms of responsible behavior of states in the information sector in particular, to adopt a universal international legal instrument. A significant contribution to its development will be made by the Russian concept of a convention on international information security and the Chinese Global Initiative for Data Security. Support the work of the UN Ad Hoc Committee on the elaboration of a comprehensive international countermeasures convention and the use of information and communication technologies for criminal purposes.

VIII

Side take effective measures, develop cooperation and make an important contribution in the field of mitigation and adaptation to climate change, the organization and functioning of carbon trading systems, the implementation of voluntary climate projects, exchange of experience at the national and regional levels on the issues of reducing the rate of global warming and adaptation to it.

Side Reaffirm their commitment to the United Nations Framework Convention on climate change and the objectives, principles and provisions of the Paris agreement, in particular the principle of common but differentiated responsibility, adhere to true multilateralism, promote complete and the effective implementation of the Paris Agreement. The Parties emphasize that increased financial support from developed countries to developing countries has critical to strengthening efforts to slow down the global warming and addressing unequal access to finance. Parties oppose the establishment of barriers to international trade under the pretext of combating climate change and using climate issues for political purposes.

Side Commend the results achieved during the 15th meeting of the Conference of the Parties The Convention on Biological Diversity under Chairmanship of the People's Republic of China, and express the hope that they will make a positive contribution to advancing the process global biodiversity management. The parties are steadily promoting international cooperation and exchanges in the field of biological diversity, actively implement the goals of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, jointly promote harmonious human development and nature, contributing to global sustainable development.

IX

The Parties consider that the purposes and principles of the UN Charter must be respected, international law must Respected. The Russian side positively assesses the objective and unbiased position of the Chinese side on the Ukrainian issue. The parties shall act against any state and their blocs for the purpose of obtaining military, political and other advantages were detrimental to the legitimate interests of others countries in the field of security. Chinese side welcomes readiness The Russian side should make efforts to restart the peaceful ones as soon as possible. Negotiations.

Russia welcomes China's willingness to play positive role in the political and diplomatic settlement of the Ukrainian crisis and constructive considerations, set out in the document "On China's Position on the Political Settlement of the Ukrainian Crisis" drawn up by the Chinese side.

Side note that in order to resolve the Ukrainian crisis, it is necessary to respect legitimate concerns of all countries in the field of security and prevent the formation of bloc to stop actions that contribute to further incitement Conflict.

The Parties emphasize that responsible dialogue is the best way to sustainably resolve the Ukrainian crisis, and the international community should support those undertaken in this regard constructive efforts.

The parties call for the cessation of all steps that contribute to escalation of tension and prolongation of hostilities, avoid further degradation of the crisis up to its transition to an uncontrolled phase. Side oppose all unilateral sanctions imposed in circumvention of the UN Security Council.

The parties insist that NATO strictly observe obligations relating to the regional and defensive nature of the said Organization. Call on NATO to respect sovereignty other states, their security and interests, civilizational and historical-cultural diversity, objectively and impartially treat peaceful and the development of other States. Parties express great concern the continued strengthening of NATO's ties with asia-Pacific countries of the region on military and security matters, as well as undermining The Organization for Regional Peace and Stability. Parties oppose formation of closed exclusive block companies in the Asia-Pacific region structures, bloc politics and opposing camps. The Parties note negative impact on peace and stability in this Indo-Pacific region U.S. strategies driven by mentality cold war. Russia and China are committed to building an equitable, open and an inclusive, non-targeted security system in the Asia-Pacific region in order to maintain peace and stability and well-being in the region.

Side believe that the protection of peace and stability in Northeast Asia is in the interests of all States concerned. The Parties oppose the undermining of peace and stability in the region by military force emanating from beyond its borders, call on those involved. countries to abandon Cold War thinking and ideological prejudices, exercise restraint and do not take steps that undermine the regional security.

Side Express concern over the situation on the Korean peninsula, persistently Call upon all States concerned to exercise calm and restraint in their efforts to reduce tensions. U.S. Side must respond with real actions to lawful and rational the concerns of the North Korean side and to create conditions for the resumption of Dialogue. The parties invariably insist on the need to ensure peace and stability on the peninsula, including the implementation of its denuclearization, joint initiatives promote the creation of a mechanism for maintaining peace and security on it, consider pressure unacceptable and unpromising through sanctions, and dialogue and consultation are the only way to resolve problems of the peninsula. The parties will continue close contacts and interaction with the that in accordance with the idea of "parallel promotion" and the principles phasing and synchronicity to continuously advance the process of political settlement on the peninsula. The Parties call upon all concerned states to actively respond to the joint efforts of Russia and China, acting for peace and negotiations, and to play a constructive role in this process.

The parties stand for the protection of peace and stability in the Middle East, support the countries of the region in strengthening the strategic independence and the resolution of acute problems through dialogue and consultation, oppose interference in the internal affairs of the countries of the region. The sides welcome the normalization of relations between Saudi Arabia and Iran, achieved through dialogue. The parties support a comprehensive and just settlement of the question of Palestine on the basis of the two-state principle. The Parties shall support sovereignty, the independence and territorial integrity of Syria, contribute to the advancement of a comprehensive process of political settlement organized and implemented by the Syrians themselves. The Parties shall stand for the protection of sovereignty, the independence and territorial integrity of Libya, contribute to the promotion of a comprehensive political settlement process, implemented and led by by the Libyans themselves. The parties will strengthen contacts in connection with the nominations of each of these, the Security Initiatives of the Persian Gulf Region and work towards their conjugation in order to jointly create an architecture of collective security of the Persian Gulf region.

Parties note the positive contribution Collective Security Treaty Organizations for Regional Security. They note the potential for the development of cooperation between the CSTO and the PRC in order to ensure peace and stability in the region.

The parties are ready to strengthen mutual coordination to support the countries of Central Asia in ensuring their sovereignty and national development, do not accept attempts to import "color revolutions" and external interference in the affairs of the region.

The parties will strengthen contacts and coordination on issues related to African states, maintain a favorable and healthy atmosphere of international cooperation in Africa, support efforts African states to independently resolve the problems of the continent, to contribute to the common cause of peace and development on the African continent. Russia and China will continue the practice of holding consultations on issues related to Latin America, pay attention to strengthening mutual contacts and dialogue in the development of bilateral relations with the countries of Latin America and the Caribbean Continue to promote stability and prosperity in the region.

The Sides Stand for the preservation of the Arctic as a territory of peace, stability and constructive cooperation.

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What now follows is the second Joint Statement in its initial format:

March 21, 2023

According to the results of the Russian-Chinese negotiations at the highest level held in Moscow within the framework of the state visit of the President of the People's Republic of China Xi Jinping to the Russian Federation The Federation, made on March 20–22, 2023 at the invitation of the President of the Russian Federation Vladimir Putin, The Heads of State of the Russian Federation and the Chinese Federation People's Republic,

after a thorough exchange opinions on topical issues of bilateral practical cooperation and the development of Russian-Chinese relations of comprehensive partnership and strategic cooperation in the new era,

firmly adhering to the principles mutual respect and equality, sovereign development of the two countries on a mutually beneficial and long-term basis,

seeking to give an additional impulse to comprehensive deepening of bilateral cooperation through promotion high-quality development of Russian-Chinese trade and economic Cooperation

Guided by the intention to preserve the trend of dynamic growth in trade in goods and services between the two countries and the desire to achieve a significant increase its volumes by 2030,

Declare as follows:

Bilateral economic cooperation between the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China The republics, hereinafter referred to as the Parties, are planned to be built according to the following eight key areas:

1. Scale up and optimize trade structures, including through the development of electronic commerce and others innovative tools. Consistent promotion of high-quality development bilateral investment cooperation, deepening cooperation in the fields of the digital economy and sustainable, including "green" development, the formation of a favorable business environment, mutual increase in the level of favorability in trade and investment.

2. Full development of the interconnected logistics system. Ensuring the rapid movement of goods and passengers in two-way traffic by all modes of transport: rail, road, air, river and sea. Mutually beneficial realization of transit potential two countries. Priority elimination of bottlenecks, step-by-step and step-by-step improvement of infrastructure on the Russian-Chinese border, primarily key border crossing points, increasing the efficiency of customs clearance and inspection procedures.

3. Increasing the level of financial cooperation, including through expansion in accordance with the needs of the market Practices in the use of national currencies and their progressive increase shares in bilateral trade, investment, lending and other areas trade and economic cooperation. Continued interaction and exchange experience in the field of payments, including the implementation of modernization transformation and innovation. Strengthening cooperation on financial resources markets, support for the development of interaction between rating agencies and insurance companies organizations of the two countries within the framework of existing legislation.

4. Strengthening the comprehensive partnerships in the field of energy. Ensuring mutual and global energy security, including in order to promote global energy transition, by strengthening long-term cooperation in key energy sectors, promotion of implementation of strategic projects, expansion forms of cooperation, intensification of partnership in the fields of energy technologies and equipment.

5. Ensuring coordination in order to development of long-term cooperation relations in the field of mutually beneficial supplying basic goods and mineral resources on the basis of market principles, including metals, chemical fertilizers and chemical products. Intensification of mutually beneficial cooperation in the field of creation of production facilities for deep processing of resources in the territories of Russia and China.

6. Promotion of exchanges and quality expansion of cooperation in the fields of technology and innovation in order to ensure technological leadership of Russia and China.

7. Achieving higher qualitative level of industrial cooperation. Formation with participation industrial companies of Russia and China new production chains based on harmonization of industry standards and technical requirements, increase added value of manufactured products.

8. Significant level increase cooperation in agriculture in order to ensure food security of the two countries. Deepening cooperation in trade agricultural products, consistent expansion of mutual tolerance agricultural products on the basis of guaranteeing their safety, increasing investment cooperation in the field of agro-industrial complex.

The parties also intend to continue deepening cooperation in the humanitarian sphere, consistently expanding exchanges in the field of education, science and technology, culture, tourism, sports, health and other areas;

unleash the potential of a regional and cross-border cooperation between the two countries, to increase its practical impact, to develop mutually beneficial cooperation between the Far East of Russia and the North-East of China.

The heads of the two states instruct The Governments of the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China:

be guided by the indicated priority areas, strengthen mutual coordination, promote cooperation between the two countries;

prepare and approve an appropriate Plan to review its implementation within the framework of the 28th Regular Meeting of Heads of Government Russia and China.