Decree of the Concept of Foreign Policy of the Russian Federation, Part One

The full decree (text format) is 43 pages long in its Russian language PDF form. Given VK's space limitations, it will need to be broken into two parts at minimum, perhaps three. Putin's remarks and Lavrov's summary outline I've already provided. What follows is Part One of the translated version of the decree's text format:

Concept of Foreign Policy of the Russian Federation

I. General provisions

1. This Concept is a strategic planning document and represents a system of views on the national interests of the Russian Federation in the foreign policy sphere, basic principles, strategic goals, main tasks and priority directions of the foreign policy of the Russian Federation.

2. The legal basis of this Concept is the Constitution of the Russian Federation, generally recognized principles and norms of international law, international treaties of the Russian Federation, federal laws and other normative legal acts of the Russian Federation regulating the activities of federal state authorities in the field of foreign policy.

3. This Concept specifies certain provisions of the National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation and takes into account the main provisions of other strategic planning documents affecting the sphere of international relations.

4. More than a thousand years of experience of independent statehood, the cultural heritage of the previous era, deep historical ties with traditional European culture and other cultures of Eurasia, the ability developed over many centuries to ensure the harmonious coexistence of various peoples, ethnic, religious and linguistic groups on a common territory determine the special position of Russia as an original state-civilization, a vast Eurasian- a Pacific power that united the Russian people and other nations that make up the cultural and civilizational community of the Russian world.

5. Russia's place in the world is determined by the availability of significant resources in all spheres of life, its status as a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council (UN), a member of leading interstate organizations and associations, one of the two largest nuclear powers, and a successor state of the USSR. Russia, taking into account its decisive contribution to the victory in World War II, as well as its active role in creating a modern system of international relations and eliminating the world system of colonialism, acts as one of the sovereign centers of world development and fulfills a historically unique mission to maintain the global balance of power and build a multipolar international system, to ensure conditions for human development on the basis of a unifying and constructive agenda.

6. Russia pursues an independent and multi-vector foreign policy course dictated by its national interests and awareness of its special responsibility for maintaining peace and security at the global and regional levels. Russia's foreign policy is peaceful, open, predictable, consistent, and pragmatic, based on respect for universally recognized principles and norms of international law and the desire for equal international cooperation in order to solve common problems and promote common interests. Russia's attitude towards other States and interstate associations is determined by the constructive, neutral or unfriendly nature of their policy towards the Russian Federation.

II. Modern world: main trends and development prospects

7. Humanity is experiencing an era of revolutionary change. The formation of a more just, multipolar world continues. The disequilibrium model of world development, which for centuries ensured outstripping economic growth of colonial powers by appropriating the resources of dependent territories and states in Asia, Africa and the Western Hemisphere, is irrevocably disappearing into the past. The sovereignty and competitive capabilities of non-Western world Powers and regional leaders are being strengthened. The structural restructuring of the world economy, its transition to a new technological basis (including the introduction of artificial intelligence technologies, the latest information and communication technologies, energy, biological technologies and nanotechnologies), the growth of national consciousness, cultural and civilizational diversity and other objective factors accelerate the processes of redistribution of development potential in favor of new centers of economic growth and geopolitical influence, contribute to the democratization of international relations.

8. The changes that are taking place, which are generally favorable, are nevertheless rejected by a number of States that are used to thinking according to the logic of global dominance and neocolonialism. They refuse to recognize the realities of a multipolar world and agree on the parameters and principles of the world order on this basis. Attempts are being made to restrain the natural course of history, eliminate competitors in the military-political and economic spheres, and suppress dissent. A wide range of illegal tools and methods are used, including the use of coercive measures (sanctions) bypassing the UN Security Council, provoking coup d'etats, armed conflicts, threats, blackmail, manipulating the consciousness of individual social groups and entire peoples, offensive and subversive operations in the information space. A common form of interference in the internal affairs of sovereign states has been the imposition of destructive neoliberal ideological attitudes that contradict traditional spiritual and moral values. As a result, the destructive impact extends to all spheres of international relations.

9. Serious pressure is exerted on the UN and other multilateral institutions, whose purpose as platforms for coordinating the interests of leading Powers is artificially devalued. The international legal system is being tested for its strength: a narrow group of States seeks to replace it with the concept of a rules-based world order (the imposition of rules, standards and norms, in the development of which the equal participation of all interested States was not ensured). The development of collective responses to transnational challenges and threats, such as the illicit arms trade, the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and their means of delivery, dangerous pathogens and infectious diseases, the use of information and communication technologies for illegal purposes, international terrorism, illicit trafficking in narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their precursors, transnational organized crime and corruption, is becoming more difficult. natural disasters and man-made accidents, illegal migration, environmental degradation. The culture of dialogue in the international sphere is being degraded, and the effectiveness of diplomacy as a means of peaceful settlement of disputes is decreasing. There is an acute lack of trust and predictability in international affairs.

10. The crisis of economic globalization is intensifying. The existing problems, including in the energy market and in the financial sector, are caused by the degradation of many previous development models and instruments, irresponsible macroeconomic decisions (including uncontrolled issuance and accumulation of unsecured debts), illegal unilateral restrictive measures and unfair competition. The abuse of their dominant position by individual States in some areas increases the fragmentation of the world economy and inequality in the development of States. New national and cross-border payment systems are becoming widespread, interest in new international reserve currencies is growing, and prerequisites are being formed for diversifying the mechanisms of international economic cooperation.

11. The role of the force factor in international relations is increasing, and the conflict space is expanding in a number of strategically important regions. The destabilizing build-up and modernization of offensive military capabilities and the destruction of the system of arms control treaties undermine strategic stability. The use of military force in violation of international law, the development of outer space and information space as new areas of military operations, the blurring of the line between military and non-military means of inter-State confrontation, the aggravation of long-standing armed conflicts in a number of regions increase the threat to global security, increase the risks of clashes between major States, including those involving nuclear powers, and increase the likelihood of escalation such conflicts and their development into a local, regional or global war.

12. A natural response to the crisis in the world order is to strengthen cooperation between States that are subject to external pressure. The formation of regional and trans-regional mechanisms of economic integration and interaction in various spheres, the creation of multi-format partnerships to solve common problems is being intensified. Other steps (including unilateral ones) are also being taken to protect vital national interests. The high level of interdependence, global reach, and transnational nature of challenges and threats limit the ability to ensure the security, stability, and prosperity of individual States, military-political, and trade-economic alliances. Only combining the potentials and conscientious efforts of the entire international community on the basis of a balance of forces and interests can ensure an effective solution to the numerous problems of our time, the peaceful progressive development of large and small States, and humanity as a whole.

13. Considering the strengthening of Russia as one of the leading centers of development of the modern world, considering its independent foreign policy a threat to Western hegemony, the United States of America (USA) and its satellites used the measures taken by the Russian Federation to protect their vital interests in the Ukrainian direction as a pretext for aggravating the long-standing anti-Russian policy and unleashed a new type of hybrid war. It is aimed at weakening Russia in every possible way, including undermining its creative civilizational role, power, economic and technological capabilities, limiting its sovereignty in foreign and domestic policy, and destroying its territorial integrity. This course of the West has acquired a comprehensive character and is fixed at the doctrinal level. This was not the choice of the Russian Federation. Russia does not consider itself an enemy of the West, does not isolate itself from it, has no hostile intentions towards it, and expects that in the future the states belonging to the Western community will realize the futility of their confrontational policies and hegemonic ambitions, take into account the complex realities of a multipolar world and return to pragmatic interaction with Russia, guided by the principles of sovereign equality and respect for each other's interests. On this basis, the Russian Federation is ready for dialogue and cooperation.

14.In response to the unfriendly actions of the West, Russia intends to defend its right to existence and free development by all available means. The Russian Federation will concentrate its creative energy on geographical vectors of its foreign policy, which have obvious prospects for expanding mutually beneficial international cooperation. Most of humanity is interested in constructive relations with Russia and strengthening its position in the international arena as an influential world power that makes a decisive contribution to maintaining global security and ensuring the peaceful development of States. This opens up a wide range of opportunities for the successful operation of the Russian Federation in the international arena.

III. National interests of the Russian Federation in the foreign policy sphere, strategic goals and main objectives of the foreign policy of the Russian Federation

15. Taking into account long-term trends in the development of the situation in the world, the national interests of the Russian Federation in the foreign policy sphere are::

1) protection of the constitutional order, sovereignty, independence, state and territorial integrity of the Russian Federation from destructive foreign influence;

2) maintaining strategic stability and strengthening international peace and security;

3) strengthening the legal framework of international relations;

4) protection of the rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of Russian citizens and protection of Russian organizations from foreign illegal encroachments;

5) development of a secure information space, protection of Russian society from destructive foreign information and psychological influence;

6) saving the people of Russia, developing human potential, improving the quality of life and well-being of citizens;

7) promoting sustainable development of the Russian economy on a new technological basis;

8) strengthening traditional Russian spiritual and moral values, preserving the cultural and historical heritage of the multinational people of the Russian Federation;

9) environmental protection, conservation of natural resources and rational use of natural resources, adaptation to climate change.

16. Based on the national interests and strategic national priorities of the Russian Federation, the state's foreign policy activities are aimed at achieving the following strategic goals::

1) ensuring the security of the Russian Federation, its sovereignty in all spheres and territorial integrity;

2) creating favorable external conditions for the development of Russia;

3) strengthening the position of the Russian Federation as one of the responsible, influential and independent centers of the modern world.

17. The strategic goals of the foreign policy of the Russian Federation are achieved by performing the following main tasks::

1) formation of a just and sustainable world order;

2) maintaining international peace and security, strategic stability, ensuring peaceful coexistence and progressive development of States and peoples;

3) promote the development of effective integrated responses by the international community to common challenges and threats, including regional conflicts and crises;

4) development of mutually beneficial and equal cooperation with constructive foreign states and their associations, ensuring that Russian interests are taken into account using the mechanisms of multilateral diplomacy;

5) countering anti-Russian activities of foreign states and their associations, creating conditions for stopping such activities;

6) formation of good-neighborly relations with neighboring states, assistance in preventing the emergence and elimination of hotbeds of tension and conflicts in their territories;

7) providing support to Russia's allies and partners in promoting common interests, ensuring their security and sustainable development, regardless of whether the allies and partners receive international recognition and are members of international organizations;

8) developing and strengthening the potential of multilateral regional associations and integration structures with Russia's participation;

9) strengthening Russia's position in the global economy, achieving national development goals of the Russian Federation, ensuring economic security, and realizing the state's economic potential;

10) ensuring Russia's interests in the world's oceans, outer space and air space;

11) forming an objective perception of Russia abroad, strengthening its position in the global information space;

12) strengthening the importance of Russia in the global humanitarian space, strengthening the position of the Russian language in the world, promoting the preservation of historical truth and memory of Russia's role in world history abroad;

13) comprehensive and effective protection of the rights, freedoms and legitimate interests of Russian citizens and organizations abroad;

14) developing relations with compatriots living abroad and providing them with comprehensive support in exercising their rights, ensuring the protection of their interests and preserving the all-Russian cultural identity.

IV. Priority directions of the Russian Federation's foreign policy

Shaping a just and sustainable world order

18. Russia strives to create a system of international relations that ensures reliable security, preservation of cultural and civilizational identity, and equal development opportunities for all States, regardless of their geographical location, size of territory, demographic, resource and military capabilities, political, economic and social structure. In order to meet these criteria, the system of international relations should be multipolar and based on the following principles::

1) the sovereign equality of States, respect for their right to choose models of development, social, political and economic structure;

2) rejection of hegemony in international affairs;

3) cooperation based on a balance of interests and mutual benefits;

4) non-interference in internal affairs;

5) the supremacy of international law in the regulation of international relations, the rejection of the policy of double standards by all States;

6) indivisibility of security in global and regional aspects;

7) diversity of cultures, civilizations and models of social organization, refusal of all states to impose their own development models, ideological and value orientations on other countries, reliance on a single spiritual and moral reference point for all the world's traditional religions and secular ethical systems;

8) responsible leadership of leading states aimed at ensuring stable and favorable conditions for development both for themselves and for other countries and peoples;

9) the dominant role of sovereign States in decision-making in the maintenance of international peace and security.

19. In order to facilitate the adaptation of the world order to the realities of a multipolar world, the Russian Federation intends to give priority attention to::

1) eliminating the rudiments of the dominance of the United States and other unfriendly states in world affairs, creating conditions for any state to abandon its neocolonial and hegemonic ambitions;

2) improving international mechanisms for ensuring security and development at the global and regional levels;

3) Restoring the role of the UN as a central coordinating mechanism in coordinating the interests of UN Member States and their actions to achieve the purposes of the UN Charter;

4) strengthening the capacity and international role of the BRICS Interstate Association, the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO), the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO), the RIC (Russia, India, China) and other interstate associations and international organizations, and mechanisms with significant Russian participation;

5) Support regional and sub-regional integration within the framework of friendly multilateral institutions, dialogue platforms and regional associations in the Asia-Pacific region, Latin America, Africa and the Middle East;

6) enhancing the sustainability and progressive development of the international legal system;

7) ensuring equitable access of all States to the benefits of the global economy and the international division of labor, as well as to modern technologies in the interests of equitable and equitable development (including addressing global energy and food security issues);

8) enhancing cooperation in all areas with Russia's allies and partners, and stopping attempts by unfriendly states to prevent such cooperation;

9) consolidation of international efforts aimed at ensuring respect for and protection of universal and traditional spiritual and moral values (including ethical norms common to all world religions), neutralization of attempts to impose pseudo-humanistic and other neoliberal ideological attitudes that lead to the loss of traditional spiritual and moral guidelines and moral principles by mankind;

10) constructive dialogue, partnership and mutual enrichment of different cultures, religions and civilizations.

Rule of law in international relations

20. Ensuring the rule of law in international relations is one of the foundations of a just and sustainable world order, maintaining global stability, peaceful and fruitful cooperation between States and their associations, and is a factor in reducing international tensions and increasing the predictability of world development.

21. Russia consistently supports strengthening the legal foundations of international relations and faithfully fulfils its international legal obligations. At the same time, decisions of interstate bodies adopted on the basis of provisions of international treaties of the Russian Federation in their interpretation that contradict the Constitution of the Russian Federation are not subject to execution in the Russian Federation.

22. The mechanism for forming universal international legal norms should be based on the free expression of the will of sovereign States, and the UN should remain the main platform for the progressive development and codification of international law. Further promotion of the concept of a rules-based world order is fraught with the destruction of the international legal system and other dangerous consequences for humanity.

23. In order to increase the stability of the international legal system, prevent its fragmentation and weakening, and prevent the selective application of generally recognized principles and norms of international law, the Russian Federation intends to give priority attention to::

1) countering attempts to substitute, revise and arbitrarily interpret the principles of international law enshrined in the Charter of the United Nations, the Declaration on Principles of International Law concerning Friendly Relations and Cooperation among States in Accordance with the Charter of the United Nations, dated October 24, 1970.;

2) progressive development, including taking into account the realities of a multipolar world, and codification of international law, primarily within the framework of efforts undertaken under the auspices of the United Nations, as well as ensuring the participation of the largest number of States in international treaties of the United Nations, uniform interpretation and application of such treaties;

3) consolidating the efforts of States that advocate restoring universal respect for international law and strengthening its role as the foundation of international relations;

4) to exclude from international relations the practice of taking illegal unilateral coercive measures in violation of the UN Charter;

5) improving the mechanism for applying international sanctions, based on the exclusive competence of the UN Security Council in introducing such measures and the need to ensure their effectiveness from the point of view of maintaining international peace and security, preventing the deterioration of the humanitarian situation;

6) activation of the process of international legal registration of the state border of the Russian Federation and the borders of maritime spaces within which Russia exercises sovereign rights and jurisdiction, based on the need to unconditionally ensure its national interests, the importance of strengthening relations of good-neighborliness, trust and cooperation with neighboring States.

Strengthening international peace and security

24.The Russian Federation proceeds from the indivisibility of international security (in global and regional aspects) and strives to ensure it equally for all States on the basis of the principle of reciprocity. On this basis, Russia is open to joint actions to form a renewed and more stable international security architecture with all interested States and interstate associations. In order to maintain and strengthen international peace and security, the Russian Federation intends to give priority attention to:

1) the use of peaceful means, primarily diplomacy, negotiations, consultations, mediation and good offices, to resolve international disputes and conflicts, and to settle them on the basis of mutual respect, compromises and a balance of legitimate interests;

2) establishing broad cooperation in order to neutralize the attempts of any States and interstate associations to achieve global dominance in the military sphere, project their power beyond their area of responsibility, assume primary responsibility for maintaining international peace and security, draw dividing lines and ensure the security of some States to the detriment of the legitimate interests of other countries. Such attempts are incompatible with the spirit, purposes and principles of the UN Charter and pose a threat to present and future generations of regional conflicts and World War II;

3) build up political and diplomatic efforts aimed at preventing the use of military force in violation of the UN Charter, primarily attempts to circumvent the prerogatives of the UN Security Council and violate the conditions for exercising the inalienable right to self-defense guaranteed by Article 51 of the UN Charter;

4) taking political and diplomatic measures to counter interference in the internal affairs of sovereign states, primarily aimed at complicating the internal political situation, unconstitutional change of power or violation of the territorial integrity of States;

5) ensuring strategic stability, eliminating the prerequisites for unleashing a global war, the risks of using nuclear and other types of weapons of mass destruction, forming a renewed international security architecture, preventing and resolving international and internal armed conflicts, and countering transnational challenges and threats in certain areas of international security.

25.The Russian Federation assumes that its Armed Forces can be used in accordance with generally recognized principles and norms of international law, international treaties of the Russian Federation and the legislation of the Russian Federation. Russia considers Article 51 of the UN Charter as an adequate and non-auditable legal basis for the use of force in self-defense. The use of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation may be aimed, in particular, at solving tasks related to repelling and preventing an armed attack on Russia and / or its allies, resolving crises, maintaining (restoring) peace in accordance with a decision of the UN Security Council, or other collective security structures with Russia's participation in their area of responsibility. to ensure the protection of their citizens abroad, to combat international terrorism and piracy.

26. If unfriendly actions are committed by foreign States or their associations that pose a threat to the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the Russian Federation, including those related to the application of restrictive measures (sanctions) of a political or economic nature or using modern information and communication technologies, the Russian Federation considers it legitimate to take symmetrical and asymmetric measures necessary to prevent such actions. unfriendly actions, as well as to prevent their repetition in the future.

27. In order to ensure strategic stability, eliminate the prerequisites for unleashing a global war and the risks of using nuclear and other weapons of mass destruction, and form a renewed international security architecture, the Russian Federation intends to give priority attention to::

1) strategic deterrence, prevention of aggravation of interstate relations to the level that can provoke military conflicts, including with the use of nuclear and other types of weapons of mass destruction;

2) strengthening and developing the system of international treaties in the areas of strategic stability, arms control, prevention of the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, their means of delivery and goods and technologies related to their production (including taking into account the risk of non-State actors getting the components of such weapons);

3) strengthening and developing international political frameworks (arrangements) for maintaining strategic stability, arms control regimes and non-proliferation of all types of weapons of mass destruction and their means of delivery, with mandatory comprehensive consideration of all types of weapons and factors affecting strategic stability in their interrelationships;

4) preventing an arms race and preventing its transfer to new environments, creating conditions for further gradual reduction of nuclear capabilities, taking into account all factors that affect strategic stability;

5) increase predictability in international relations, implement and, if necessary, improve confidence-building measures in the military and international spheres, and prevent unintentional armed incidents;

6) implementation of security guarantees with respect to States parties to regional treaties on nuclear-weapon-free zones;

7) conventional arms control, countering illicit trafficking in small arms and light weapons;

8) strengthening technical and physical nuclear security at the global level and preventing acts of nuclear terrorism;

9) development of cooperation in the field of peaceful uses of atomic energy to meet the fuel and energy needs of all interested States, taking into account the right of each State to independently determine its national policy in this area;

10) strengthening the role of multilateral export control mechanisms in ensuring international security and non-proliferation of weapons of mass destruction and their means of delivery, and countering the transformation of these mechanisms into an instrument of unilateral restrictions that hinder the implementation of legitimate international cooperation.

28. In order to strengthen regional security, prevent local and regional wars, and resolve internal armed conflicts (primarily in the territories of neighboring States) The Russian Federation intends to give priority attention to:

1) taking political and diplomatic measures to prevent the emergence of threats or reduce the level of threats to Russia's security from neighboring territories and states;

2) providing support to allies and partners in ensuring defense and security, neutralizing attempts of external interference in their internal affairs;

3) development of military, military-political and military-technical cooperation with allies and partners;

4) to promote the creation and improvement of mechanisms for ensuring regional security and crisis management in regions that are important for Russia's interests;

5) increase the role of Russia in peacekeeping activities (including in the framework of cooperation with the UN, regional international organizations and parties to conflicts), strengthen the peacekeeping and anti-crisis capabilities of the UN and the CSTO.

29. In order to prevent the emergence of biological threats and ensure biological safety, the Russian Federation intends to give priority attention to::

1) investigation of cases of alleged development, deployment and use of biological and toxin weapons, primarily in the territories of neighboring states;

2) prevention of terrorist acts and (or) sabotage committed with the use of dangerous pathogens, and elimination of the consequences of such acts and (or) sabotage;

3) expanding cooperation with allies and partners in the field of biological security, primarily with the CSTO member States and the CIS member States.

30. In order to ensure international information security, counter threats to it, and strengthen Russian sovereignty in the global information space, the Russian Federation intends to give priority attention to::

1) strengthening and improving the international legal regime for preventing and resolving inter-State conflicts and regulating activities in the global information space;

2) formation and improvement of the international legal framework for countering the use of information and communication technologies for criminal purposes;

3) ensuring the safe and stable functioning and development of the Internet information and telecommunications network on the basis of equal participation of States in the management of this network and preventing the establishment of foreign control over its national segments;

4) adoption of political, diplomatic and other measures aimed at countering the policy of unfriendly States to militarize the global information space, to use information and communication technologies to interfere in the internal affairs of States and for military purposes, as well as to restrict other States ' access to advanced information and communication technologies and increase their technological dependence.

31. In order to eradicate international terrorism and protect the State and Russian citizens from terrorist acts, the Russian Federation intends to give priority attention to::

1) improving the effectiveness and coordination of multilateral cooperation in the field of countering terrorism, including within the UN framework;

2) strengthening the crucial role of States and their competent authorities in countering terrorism and extremism;

3) adoption of political, diplomatic and other measures aimed at countering the use by States of terrorist and extremist (including neo-Nazi) organizations as an instrument of foreign and domestic policy;

4) combating the spread of the ideology of terrorism and extremism (including neo-Nazism and radical nationalism), including in the information and telecommunications network "Internet".;

5) identifying individuals and organizations involved in terrorist activities and blocking terrorist financing channels;

6) identification and elimination of gaps in international legal regulation related to cooperation in the fight against terrorism, including taking into account the risks of committing terrorist acts using chemical and biological substances;

7) strengthening multifaceted cooperation with allies and partners in the fight against terrorism, providing them with practical assistance in conducting counter-terrorism operations, including in order to protect Christians in the Middle East.

32. In order to combat illicit trafficking and consumption of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, which pose a serious threat to international and national security, public health and the spiritual and moral foundations of Russian society, the Russian Federation intends to give priority attention to::

1) expanding international cooperation in order to prevent the weakening or revision of the current global drug control regime (including preventing the legalization of their use for non-medical purposes), as well as countering other initiatives that may lead to an increase in illicit drug trafficking and consumption;

2) providing practical assistance to allies and partners in the implementation of anti-drug activities.

33.In order to combat transnational organized crime and corruption, which pose a growing threat to the security and sustainable development of Russia and its allies and partners, the Russian Federation intends to give priority to expanding international cooperation in order to eliminate "safe havens" for criminals and strengthen specialized multilateral mechanisms that meet Russia's national interests.

34. In order to reduce on the territory of the Russian Federation the risks associated with the occurrence of natural disasters and man-made accidents outside its borders, and to increase the resilience of foreign States to them, the Russian Federation intends to give priority attention to::

1) strengthening the organizational and legal framework and improving the mechanisms of bilateral and multilateral cooperation in the field of protecting the population from natural and man-made emergencies, increasing the capacity for early warning and forecasting of such emergencies, and eliminating their consequences;

2) providing practical assistance to foreign countries in the field of protection against natural and man-made emergencies, including using unique Russian technologies and experience in emergency response.

35.In order to counter illegal migration and improve the regulation of international migration processes, the Russian Federation intends to give priority to strengthening cooperation in this area with the CIS member States that pursue a constructive policy towards the Russian Federation.

Ensuring the interests of the Russian Federation in the world ocean, space and air space

36. In order to study, develop and use the world's oceans in the interests of ensuring Russia's security and development and countering unilateral restrictive measures taken by unfriendly States and their associations against Russian maritime activities, the Russian Federation intends to give priority attention to::

1) ensuring guaranteed free, safe and full access of Russia to vital, important and other spaces, transport communications and resources of the World Ocean;

2) responsible and rational development of biological, mineral, energy and other resources of the World Ocean, development of marine pipeline systems, scientific research, protection and preservation of the marine environment;

3) securing the external borders of the continental shelf of the Russian Federation in accordance with international law, and protecting its sovereign rights on the continental shelf.

37. With a view to the peaceful exploration and use of outer space, securing a leading position in the market of space goods, works and services, and consolidating the status of one of the leading space Powers, the Russian Federation intends to give priority attention to::

1) promotion of international cooperation in the interests of preventing an arms race in outer space, primarily through the development and conclusion of an appropriate international treaty, and as an interim measure - through the adoption by all States of the obligation not to be the first to place weapons in outer space;

2) geographical diversification of international cooperation in the field of space activities.

38. In order to use international airspace in the interests of Russia's security and development, and to counter unilateral restrictive measures taken by unfriendly States and their associations against Russian aircraft, the Russian Federation intends to give priority attention to::

1) ensuring guaranteed access of Russia to international (open) airspace, taking into account the principle of freedom of flight;

2) geographical diversification of international flight routes of Russian aircraft and development of cooperation in the field of air transport, protection and use of airspace with States that pursue a constructive policy towards Russia.

International economic cooperation and international development assistance

39. In order to ensure economic security, economic sovereignty, sustainable economic growth, structural and technological renewal, increase the international competitiveness of the national economy, maintain Russia's leading position in the world economy, reduce risks and take advantage of opportunities in connection with profound changes in the world economy and international relations, as well as in connection with unfriendly actions of foreign states and their associations The Russian Federation intends to give priority attention to:

1) adaptation of the world trade and monetary and financial systems to the realities of a multipolar world and the consequences of the crisis of economic globalization, primarily in the interests of reducing the opportunities of unfriendly states to abuse their monopoly or dominant position in certain areas of the world economy, expanding the participation of developing countries in global economic governance;

2) reducing the dependence of the Russian economy on unfriendly actions of foreign states, primarily through the development of a depoliticized, secure, independent international payment infrastructure and expanding the practice of using national currencies in settlements with allies and partners;

3) strengthening Russia's presence on world markets, increasing non-oil and non-energy exports, and geographically diversifying economic ties with their reorientation to countries that pursue a constructive and neutral policy towards the Russian Federation, while maintaining openness to pragmatic cooperation with the business circles of unfriendly states;

4) improving Russia's access to world markets, protecting Russian organizations, investments, goods and services abroad from discrimination, unfair competition, and attempts by foreign states to unilaterally regulate key world markets for Russian exports;

5) protection of the Russian economy and international trade and economic relations from unfriendly actions of foreign states by applying special economic measures in response to such actions;

6) assistance in attracting foreign investment, advanced knowledge and technologies, and highly qualified specialists to Russia;

7) promoting regional and interregional economic integration processes that meet Russia's interests, primarily within the framework of the Union State, the EAEU, the CIS, the SCO, and BRICS, as well as in order to form a Greater Eurasian Partnership;

8) using Russia's unique geographical location and transit potential to develop the national economy and strengthen transport and infrastructure connectivity in Eurasia.